Migraine is a neurological syndrome . A migraine headache is a throbbing or pulsating headache that is often one sided (unilateral) and associated with nausea; vomiting; sensitivity to light, sound, and smells; sleep disruption; and depression.

It is a common condition which affects women more frequently than men.

Causes

The cause of migraine is unknown. The condition may result from a series of reactions in the central nervous system caused by changes in the body or in the environment.

The triggers may be:

• Alcohol (e.g., red wine)
• Environmental factors (e.g., weather, altitude, time zone changes)
• Foods that contain caffeine (e.g., coffee, chocolate), monosodium glutamate (MSG; found in
• hinese food), and nitrates (e.g., processed foods, hot dogs)
• Glare, contrasting patterns
• Hormonal changes in women
• Hunger
• Lack of sleep
• Medications
• Perfume
• Stress

Treatment

A variety of drugs have been specifically designed to treat migraines. There are 2 categories:

1. Pain-relieving medications. Also known as acute or abortive treatment, these types of drugs are taken during migraine attacks and are designed to stop symptoms that have already begun. Examples: NSAIDs, Triptans, Ergotes, opiates.
2. Preventive medications. These types of drugs are taken regularly, often on a daily basis, to reduce the severity or frequency of migraines. Examples: Cardiovaskular drugs, Antidepressants, Anti - seizure drugs, Botox